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Deactivation and regeneration of TS-1/SiO

Hainan SHI, Yaquan WANG, Guoqiang WU, Wenping FENG, Yi Lin, Teng ZHANG, Xing JIN, Shuhai WANG, Xiaoxue WU, Pengxu YAO

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 202-209 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1328-3

摘要: TS-1/SiO catalyst for the epoxidation of propylene with hydrogen peroxide in a fixed-bed reactor has been investigated. The catalyst activity decreases gradually with the online reaction time, but the selectivity of propylene epoxide is kept at about 93%. The fresh, deactivated and regenerated catalysts were characterized with X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultra-violet-visible diffuse reflectance, Brunner-Emmett-Teller method and thermogravimetric analysis, and the deactivated catalyst was regenerated with H O /methanol solution. Compared with the fresh catalyst, both the framework structure and the content of titanium in the framework of the deactivated and regenerated TS-1/SiO catalysts were not changed. The major reason of the catalyst deactivation was the blockage of the channels of the catalyst by bulky organic by-products, which covered the active centers of titanium in TS-1. The deposited materials on the deactivated TS-1/SiO catalyst could be removed by treatment with hydrogen peroxide/methanol solution or pure methanol; the higher the treatment temperature and the higher the concentration of H O in methanol, the higher the extent of the regeneration. The regeneration treatment did not influence the product selectivity in the propylene epoxidation.

关键词: TS-1/SiO2     epoxidation of propylene     fixed-bed reactor     deactivation     regeneration    

Controllable synthesis of a large TS-1 catalyst for clean epoxidation of a C=C double bond under mild

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第6期   页码 772-783 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2280-x

摘要: Development of a titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) catalyst with good crystallinity and a four-coordinate Ti framework is critical for efficient catalytic oxidation reaction under mild conditions. Herein, a size-controlled TS-1 zeolite (TS-1#0.1ACh (acetylcholine)) was synthesized via steam-assisted crystallization by introducing acetylcholine as a crystal growth modifier in the preparation process, and TS-1#0.1ACh was also employed in epoxidations of different substrates containing C=C double bonds. The crystalline sizes of the as-synthesized TS-1#0.1ACh catalysts were controlled with the acetylcholine content, and characterization results showed that the particle sizes of highly crystalline TS-1#0.1ACh zeolite reached 3.0 μm with a good Ti framework. Throughout the synthetic process, the growth rate of the crystals was accelerated by electrostatic interactions between the connected hydroxyl groups of the acetylcholine modifier and the negatively charged skeleton of the pre-zeolites. Furthermore, the TS-1#0.1ACh catalyst demonstrated maximum catalytic activity, good selectivity and high stability during epoxidation of allyl chloride. Importantly, the TS-1#0.1ACh catalyst was also highly versatile and effective with different unsaturated substrates. These findings may provide novel, easily separable and large TS-1 catalysts for efficient and clean industrial epoxidations of C=C double bonds.

关键词: size-controlled TS-1     crystal modifier     steam-assisted crystallization     epoxidation    

The stabilization effect of Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub> on unconventional Pb/SiO<sub>2sub> catalyst

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1423-1429 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2315-y

摘要: Similar to Sn, Pb located at the same group (IVA) in the periodic table of elements, can also catalyze propane dehydrogenation to propene, while a fast deactivation can be observed. To enhance the stability, the traditional carrier Al2O3 with a small amount, was introduced into Pb/SiO2 catalyst in this study. It has been proved that Al2O3 can inhibit the reduction of PbO, and weaken the agglomeration and loss of Pb species due to its enhanced interaction with Pb species. As a result, 3Al15Pb/SiO2 catalyst exhibits a much higher stability up to more than 150 h. In addition, a simple schematic diagram of the change of surface species on the catalyst surface after Al2O3 addition was also proposed.

关键词: Pb/SiO2     Al2O3     propane dehydrogenation     propene     stability    

Synthesis of magnetic Pb/Fe

Hualiang AN, Xinqiang ZHAO, Zhiguang JIA, Changcheng WU, Yanji WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 215-218 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0055-2

摘要: To facilitate the recovery of Pb/SiO catalyst, magnetic Pb/Fe O /SiO samples were prepared separately by emulsification, sol-gel and incipient impregnation methods. The catalyst samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction and N adsorption-desorption, and their catalytic activity was investigated in the reaction for synthesizing propylene carbonate from urea and 1,2-propylene glycol. When the gelatin was applied in the preparation of Fe O at 60°C and the pH value was controlled at 4 in the preparation of Fe O /SiO , the Pb/Fe O /SiO sample shows good catalytic activity and magnetism. Under the reaction conditions of a reaction temperature of 180°C, reaction time of 2 h, catalyst percentage of 1.7 wt-% and a molar ratio of urea to PG of 1∶4, the yield of propylene carbonate attained was 87.7%.

关键词: Pb/Fe3O4/SiO2 magnetic particle     urea     1     2-propylene glycol     propylene carbonate    

SiO<sub>2sub> passivation layer grown by liquid phase deposition for silicon solar cell application

Yanlin CHEN,Sihua ZHONG,Miao TAN,Wenzhong SHEN

《能源前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第1期   页码 52-59 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0429-3

摘要: Surface passivation is one of the primary requirements for high efficient silicon solar cells. Though the current existed passivation techniques are effective, expensive equipments are required. In this paper, a comprehensive understanding of the SiO passivation layer grown by liquid phase deposition (LPD) was presented, which was cost-effective and very simple. It was found that the post-annealing process could significantly enhance the passivation effect of the LPD SiO film. Besides, it was revealed that both chemical passivation and field-effect passivation mechanisms played important roles in outstanding passivation effect of the LPD SiO film through analyzing the minority carrier lifetime and the surface recombination velocity of n-type and p-type silicon wafers. Although the deposition parameters had little influence on the passivation effect, they affected the deposition rate. Therefore, appropriate deposition parameters should be carefully chosen based on the compromise of the deposition rate and fabrication cost. By utilizing the LPD SiO film as surface passivation layer, a 19.5%-efficient silicon solar cell on a large-scale wafer (156 mm × 156 mm) was fabricated.

关键词: Si solar cell     passivation     SiO2     liquid phase deposition     carrier lifetime    

Effect of SiO

Qian WANG, Lei WANG, Hui WANG, Zengxi LI, Xiangping ZHANG, Suojiang ZHANG, Kebin ZHOU

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 79-88 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0550-5

摘要: A series of SAPO-34 molecular sieves with different SiO /Al O ratios have been synthesized for the methanol-to-olefin (MTO) reaction. Their physico-chemical properties are characterized by various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and N adsorption-desorption. The results are compared with those of the commercial HZSM-5, which show that the crystallinity and particle diameter of SAPO-34 as well as HZSM-5 increase with SiO /Al O ratio. The variation of BET surface area of SAPO-34 is different from that of HZSM-5 and the sample with SiO /Al O ratio of 0.4 exhibits the highest BET surface area. FT-IR spectra indicate that HZSM-5 has both Br?nsted and Lewis acid sites and Br?nsted acid sites are stronger, whereas SAPO-34 samples are dominated only by Lewis acid sites. When the SiO /Al O ratio increases, propylene and butylenes become the predominant product of the MTO reaction over HZSM-5. In contrast, the main products of this reaction catalyzed by SAPO-34 are ethylene and propylene. According to the product distribution, the reaction mechanism over HZSM-5 catalysts is proposed.

关键词: HZSM-5     SAPO-34     methanol-to-olefin (MTO)     SiO2/Al2O3 ratio    

Influence of surface modified mixed metal oxide nanoparticles on the electrochemical and mechanical properties of polyurethane matrix

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 1-14 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2176-9

摘要: Newly synthesized functional nanoparticles, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATA)/SiO2–TiO2 were introduced to the polyurethane (PU) matrix. Electrochemical techniques were used to investigate the barrier properties of the synthesized PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanocomposite coated steel specimen. In natural seawater, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments indicated outstanding protective behaviour for the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 coated steel. The coating resistance (Rcoat) of PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 was determined to be 2956.90 kΩ·cm–2. The Rcoat of the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanocomposite coating was found to be over 50% higher than the PU coating. The current measured along the scratched surface of the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 coating was found to be very low (1.65 nA). The enhanced ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanoparticles inhibited the entry of electrolytes into the coating interface, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis of the degradation products. Water contact angle testing validated the hydrophobic nature of the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 coating (θ = 115.4°). When the concentration of ATA/SiO2−TiO2 nanoparticles was 2 wt %, dynamic mechanical analysis revealed better mechanical properties. Therefore, the newly synthesised PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanocomposite provided excellent barrier and mechanical properties due to the addition of ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanoparticles to the polyurethane, which inhibited material degradation and aided in the prolongation of the coated steel’s life.

关键词: SiO2/TiO2 nanoparticle     nanocomposite coatings     dynamic mechanical analysis     electrochemical techniques     corrosion     colloids and interfaces    

Theoretical and experimental study on the fluidity performance of hard-to-fluidize carbon nanotubes-based CO2

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第10期   页码 1460-1475 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2159-x

摘要: Carbon nanotubes-based materials have been identified as promising sorbents for efficient CO2 capture in fluidized beds, suffering from insufficient contact with CO2 for the high-level CO2 capture capacity. This study focuses on promoting the fluidizability of hard-to-fluidize pure and synthesized silica-coated amine-functionalized carbon nanotubes. The novel synthesized sorbent presents a superior sorption capacity of about 25 times higher than pure carbon nanotubes during 5 consecutive adsorption/regeneration cycles. The low-cost fluidizable-SiO2 nanoparticles are used as assistant material to improve the fluidity of carbon nanotubes-based sorbents. Results reveal that a minimum amount of 7.5 and 5 wt% SiO2 nanoparticles are required to achieve an agglomerate particulate fluidization behavior for pure and synthesized carbon nanotubes, respectively. Pure carbon nanotubes + 7.5 wt% SiO2 and synthesized carbon nanotubes + 5 wt% SiO2 indicates an agglomerate particulate fluidization characteristic, including the high-level bed expansion ratio, low minimum fluidization velocity (1.5 and 1.6 cm·s–1), high Richardson−Zakin index (5.2 and 5.3 > 5), and low Π value (83.2 and 84.8 < 100, respectively). Chemical modification of carbon nanotubes causes not only enhanced CO 2 uptake capacity but also decreases the required amount of silica additive to reach a homogeneous fluidization behavior for synthesized carbon nanotubes sorbent.

关键词: CO2 capture     CNT-based sorbents     fluidization     SiO2 nanoparticles     fluidized bed reactors    

Preparation of P

Wenjiang LI, Fei XIE, Dongxu HUA, Chunli ZHANG, Chen DAI, Zhenyun YU, Meizhou QI, Shaojun YU

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 314-317 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0573-y

摘要: Silica hollow microspheres containing phosphorous have been prepared by a sol-gel/emulsion method which uses tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the precursor for the SiO and phosphoric acid (H PO ) as the precursor for P O . The hollow structure forms an emulsion system which is composed of an oil phase (kerosene, sorbitan monooleate (Span 80)) and an aqueous phase (a viscous sol solution of ethanol, TEOS and H PO ). Some of the phosphorous remains in the final silica shell structure even after calcination at 650°C. The hollow structure of the P O -SiO (silicophosphate) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), polarized optical microscopy (POM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption measurement and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

关键词: P2O5-SiO2     hollow microspheres     sol-gel/emulsion     phosphoric acid    

Inexpensive synthesis of a high-performance Fe

Nadir Abbas, Godlisten N. Shao, Syed M. Imran, Muhammad S. Haider, Hee Taik Kim

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 405-416 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1579-x

摘要: A sol-gel technique has been developed for the synthesis of a magnetite-silica-titania (Fe O -SiO -TiO ) tertiary nanocomposite with improved photocatalytic properties based on the use of inexpensive titania and silica precursors. The exceptional photocatalytic activity of the resulting materials was demonstrated by using them to photocatalyze the degradation of methylene blue solution. The best formulation achieved 98% methylene blue degradation. An interesting feature of the present work was the ability to magnetically separate and reuse the catalyst. The efficiency of the catalyst remained high during two reuses. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. XRD analysis revealed the formation of multicrystalline systems of cubic magnetite and anatase titania crystals. SEM and TEM characterization revealed well-developed and homogeneously dispersed particles of size less than 15 nm. FTIR spectra confirmed the chemical interaction of titania and silica. It was further noticed that the optical properties of the prepared materials were dependent on the relative contents of their constituent metal oxides.

关键词: sol-gel     photocatalysis     magnetic recovery     TiO2     Fe3O4     SiO2    

Stability of Ni/SiO

Bettina Stolze,Juliane Titus,Stephan A. Schunk,Andrian Milanov,Ekkehard Schwab,Roger Gläser

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 281-293 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1568-0

摘要: Ni/SiO -ZrO catalysts with Ni loadings of 1 to 13 wt-% were prepared, characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, N sorption, temperature programmed oxidation, temperature programmed reduction, and tested for their activity and stability in the dry reforming of methane with carbon dioxide at 850 °C, gas hourly space velocity of 6000 and 1800 h and atmospheric pressure. The SiO -ZrO support as obtained through a simple and efficient sol-gel synthesis is highly porous ( = 90 m ·g , = 4.4 nm) with a homogeneously distributed Si-content of 3 wt-%. No loss of Si or formation of monoclinic ZrO , even after steaming at 850 °C for 160 h, was detectable. The catalyst with 5 wt-% Ni loading in its fully reduced state is stable over 15?h on-stream in the dry reforming reaction. If the catalyst was not fully reduced, a reduction during the early stages of dry reforming is accompanied by the deposition of up to 44 mg·g carbon as shown by experiments in a magnetic suspension balance. Rapid coking occurs for increased residence times and times-on-stream starting at 50 h. The Ni loading of 5 wt-% on SiO -ZrO was shown to provide an optimal balance between activity and coking tendency.

关键词: Ni/SiO2-ZrO2     synthesis gas     dry reforming     coking     steaming    

磁控溅射法生长的带隙可调谐(GaxIn1−x)2O3 Research Articles

张法碧1,孙巾寓1,李海鸥1,周娟1,王荣1,孙堂友1,傅涛1,肖功利1,李琦1,刘兴鹏1,张秀云1,郭道友2,王相虎3,秦祖军1

《信息与电子工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第22卷 第10期   页码 1370-1378 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000330

摘要: 采用磁控溅射技术和热退火技术在(0001)蓝宝石衬底上制备了多组分氧化物(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜,实现可调带隙。详细研究了三元化合物(GaxIn1−x)2O3在整个组成范围内的光学性质和能带结构演化。X射线衍射谱表明,Ga含量在0.11至0.55之间的(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜既有立方结构,也有单斜结构,而Ga含量高于0.74的(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜只有单斜结构。实验结果为透明导电化合物半导体(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜在光电和光伏行业的应用,特别是在显示器、发光二极管和太阳能电池的应用奠定了基础。

关键词: (GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜;带隙可调谐;磁控溅射    

Li<sub>4sub>SiO<sub>4sub>-coated LiNi<sub>0.5sub>Mn<sub>1.5sub>O<sub>4sub> as the high performance

Shifeng YANG, Wenfeng REN, Jian CHEN

《能源前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 374-382 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0494-2

摘要: The preparation of Li SiO -coated LiNi Mn O materials by sintering the SiO -coated nickel-manganese oxides with lithium salts using abundant and low-cost sodium silicate as the silicon source was reported. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that a uniform and complete SiO coating layer could be obtained at a suitable pH value of 10, which transformed to a good Li SiO coating layer afterwards. When used as the cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, the Li SiO -coated LiNi Mn O samples deliver a better electrochemical performance in terms of the discharge capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability than that of the pristine material. It can still deliver 111.1 mAh/g at 20 C after 300 cycles, with a retention ratio of 93.1% of the stable capacity, which is far beyond that of the pristine material (101.3 mAh/g, 85.6%).

关键词: lithium-ion batteries     cathode material     LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4     lithium-ion conductor     coating    

基于LiNbO<sub>3sub>/SiO<sub>2sub>/SiC异质结构实现44 GHz超高频声表面波谐振器 Article

周剑, 张定红, 刘炀辉, 卓凤玲, 钱莉荣, 李红浪, 傅永庆, 段辉高

《工程(英文)》 2023年 第20卷 第1期   页码 112-119 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.05.003

摘要: 针对上述关键问题,本文提出将极端纳米制造技术与LiNbO<sub>3sub>/SiO<sub>2sub>/SiC异质结构衬底相结合的策略,成功制备出波长为160 nm的超高频SAW器件,其高阶模态谐振频率高达约基于LiNbO<sub>3sub>/SiO<sub>2sub>/SiC 异质结构衬底的超高频SAW呈现出多种模态,理论仿真分析确定了高阶声波模态的波模态。进行了超高频SAW微质量传感应用研究,其最高质量灵敏度高达33151.9 MHz⋅mm2⋅μg1,比频率为978 MHz

关键词: 超高频     声表面波     高阶声波模态     高灵敏度    

用高光谱发光法研究Cu(In<sub>xsub>,Ga<sub>1xsub>)Se<sub>2sub> (CIGS)模块中由P1引起的功率损耗的成因 Article

César Omar Ramírez Quiroz, Laura-Isabelle Dion-Bertrand, Christoph J. Brabec, Joachim Müller, Kay Orgassa

《工程(英文)》 2020年 第6卷 第12期   页码 1395-1402 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.12.019

摘要:

在本文中,我们利用了高光谱高分辨率光致发光映射技术,这是一个强大的工具,可用于选择和优化在Cu(In<sub>xsub>,Ga<sub>1-xsub>)Se<sub>2sub>(CIGS)模块上对子电池进行图案化互连的激光烧蚀工艺。具体而言,通过分析在CIGS沉积之前烧蚀的标准P1图案线,我们发现了沿着下部的钼槽边缘的异常发射猝灭效应。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)比较了P1边缘的横截面的形貌,我们进一步合理化产生这种效应的起因,但无法用厚度变化解释光发射的减少。我们还研究了激光诱导对CIGS沉积后的P1图案线带来的损伤。我们的发现能更好地理解P1引起的功率损耗,并为改进与行业相关的模块互连方案提供了新的见解。

关键词: Cu(Inx     Ga1–x)Se2     电池到模块的效率差距     由P1引起的功率损耗     高光谱光致发光     激光烧蚀短程热效应    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Deactivation and regeneration of TS-1/SiO

Hainan SHI, Yaquan WANG, Guoqiang WU, Wenping FENG, Yi Lin, Teng ZHANG, Xing JIN, Shuhai WANG, Xiaoxue WU, Pengxu YAO

期刊论文

Controllable synthesis of a large TS-1 catalyst for clean epoxidation of a C=C double bond under mild

期刊论文

The stabilization effect of Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub> on unconventional Pb/SiO<sub>2sub> catalyst

期刊论文

Synthesis of magnetic Pb/Fe

Hualiang AN, Xinqiang ZHAO, Zhiguang JIA, Changcheng WU, Yanji WANG

期刊论文

SiO<sub>2sub> passivation layer grown by liquid phase deposition for silicon solar cell application

Yanlin CHEN,Sihua ZHONG,Miao TAN,Wenzhong SHEN

期刊论文

Effect of SiO

Qian WANG, Lei WANG, Hui WANG, Zengxi LI, Xiangping ZHANG, Suojiang ZHANG, Kebin ZHOU

期刊论文

Influence of surface modified mixed metal oxide nanoparticles on the electrochemical and mechanical properties of polyurethane matrix

期刊论文

Theoretical and experimental study on the fluidity performance of hard-to-fluidize carbon nanotubes-based CO2

期刊论文

Preparation of P

Wenjiang LI, Fei XIE, Dongxu HUA, Chunli ZHANG, Chen DAI, Zhenyun YU, Meizhou QI, Shaojun YU

期刊论文

Inexpensive synthesis of a high-performance Fe

Nadir Abbas, Godlisten N. Shao, Syed M. Imran, Muhammad S. Haider, Hee Taik Kim

期刊论文

Stability of Ni/SiO

Bettina Stolze,Juliane Titus,Stephan A. Schunk,Andrian Milanov,Ekkehard Schwab,Roger Gläser

期刊论文

磁控溅射法生长的带隙可调谐(GaxIn1−x)2O3

张法碧1,孙巾寓1,李海鸥1,周娟1,王荣1,孙堂友1,傅涛1,肖功利1,李琦1,刘兴鹏1,张秀云1,郭道友2,王相虎3,秦祖军1

期刊论文

Li<sub>4sub>SiO<sub>4sub>-coated LiNi<sub>0.5sub>Mn<sub>1.5sub>O<sub>4sub> as the high performance

Shifeng YANG, Wenfeng REN, Jian CHEN

期刊论文

基于LiNbO<sub>3sub>/SiO<sub>2sub>/SiC异质结构实现44 GHz超高频声表面波谐振器

周剑, 张定红, 刘炀辉, 卓凤玲, 钱莉荣, 李红浪, 傅永庆, 段辉高

期刊论文

用高光谱发光法研究Cu(In<sub>xsub>,Ga<sub>1xsub>)Se<sub>2sub> (CIGS)模块中由P1引起的功率损耗的成因

César Omar Ramírez Quiroz, Laura-Isabelle Dion-Bertrand, Christoph J. Brabec, Joachim Müller, Kay Orgassa

期刊论文